Punching and riveting machine



L5M. MARCHA/v7' A2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 12, 1935. l.. 1 MARCHANT PUNGHING AND RIVETING MACHINE OriginalFiled' March 20, 1951 Feb. 12, 1935. MARCHANT 1,990,998

PUNCHING AND RIVETING MACHINE Original Filed March 20, 1951 2Sheets-Sheet 2 HQ. 2 Hq. 5

ff L. MARCH/ANT A TTORNE YS v Patented` Fell). l2,` 1935 UNITI-:oSTATESf PATENT l(il-FICEv rUNcmNG AND vmvri'rnm MACHINE l Les nrnrcnmt,mesurait-.anca

Application March 14 Clillll.

Ihis invention relates to a punching and riveting machine. Theobject o!the invention is to provide a machine which both ypunches work to form arivet-receiving aperture, and then which inserts a rivet and completesthe riveting operation. The invention contemplates doing both theseoperations while the work is in a single position thus materiallyfacilitatinghandling of the work and riveting two or more piecestogether.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective of a machine for carrying out the invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view showing some of the mechanism. v

Fig. 3 is a view looking at the mechanism from the right hand side otFig. 2.

Fig. 4 shows the parts in punching position.

Fig. 5 shows the parts in position with a rivet about ready to enter thework.

Fig. 6 shows the dnished riveting operation.

Fig. 7 is a detail in section showing the anvil and punch.

The machine may take ,various forms but one structure may include amachine base 1 with s post 2, an anvil arm 3 and a rivet head 4. Theparticular mechanism in the rivet head is not shown nor specificallyclaimed as a commercial riveting mechanism or rivet driving mechanismmay be employed. The machine may be power driven as by means of a motor5 driving suitable parts such as a wheel or the like in housing 6 uponthe shaft oi which is a crank 7 and crank arm 8 for driving the rivetingmechanism when a clutch'S is closed. The anvil may contain or house asuitable punch and may be power driven es by means of a belt 10 runningover a pulley 11 arranged to operate a pitman 12 mounted upon aneccentric positioned between two supporting devices 13, there preferablybeing an interposed clutchi.

Now taking up the anvil and punch construction: a

The anvil proper comprises a part 15 (Fig. 2) which is hollow and inwhich is a punch 16 reciprccebly mounted. A plunger 17 is mounted in theanvil and has an exposed end 18 arranged for contact with one end of anarm of bell crank 19 connected to the pitman l2. When the eccentricmakes arevolution the bell crank is swung and the punch forced upwardlyby the plunger to the position shown in Fig. 4. To throw in the clutch14 for punch operation there may be a foot lever 20 heid normally up byspring 21, there being a control rod zo, 1931, sei-uu No. 523,956 Marshz3. 1934 v 22 slidably mounted in an arm 23 of a bell crank lever for'operating the clutch 14. When the control lever 20 is depressed anabutment or nut 24 rocks the arm 23k and throws in clutch 14. Thedetails of the clutchneednot be shown as any standard clutch may beemployed.

A secondary anvil in the form of a shoe 25 is provided for backing upthe work against the action of the punch. The shoe 25 has an anvilproper portion 26 which is hollow and it is controlled by bell cranklever 27 connected to the shoe by a link 28. The control rod 22 extendsthrough one end oi the arm .oi bell crank 27 and is associated therewithby compression spring 29. The shoe 25 is also. pivotally mounted as at30 to a sliding bar 31 milled out as at 32. This sliding bar is normallyheld upwardly by coil spring 33, one end oi which is connected to thebar 3l and one to the housing.

The first operation is to punch the work. Two or more pieces oi stock tobe riveted are placed over the anvil 3, then the lever 20 depressed.This rocks the bell crank 27 which swings the shoe 25 through the meansoi. link 28 counterclockwise until the curved surface 34 strikes thebase of the milled out portion 32 or sliding bar 3l. In this positionthe anvil 15 and the seoondary anvil 26 are on substantially the samecenters. Upon further movement of the bell crank 27 the bar 31 is urgeddownwardly against the action of spring 33 in which movement thesecondary anvil 26 moves axially and abuts the work so that the work-isengaged between the anvils as shown in Fig. 4. When this occurs theabutment 24 rocks arm 23, upon continued movement of the lever 20. withthe spring 29 becoming compressed and causing the work to be tightlyclamped between parts 15 and 26. This throws in the clutch 14 which, dueto the mechanism above described, urges the punch 16 up through thework, as illustrated in Fig. 4; the punched out part of which may escapethrough the hollowed secondary anvil 26. The lever 2G is now released,returning the bell crank to its normal inoperative position, but thepunch V18 remains in its upwardly urged position. as shown in Fig. 4,with the plunger 18 advantageously falling back down with the bell crank19. The punch 16 may be merely held up by its frictional contact withthe work. The shoe 25 is returned to its normal position,y as shown inFig. l. As the bell crank 27 rocks, the first movement is that of theupward sliding movement ofil the bar 31 by action of spring 33 thuslifting the secondary anvil 26 axially oil. the punch and after it isfree of the punch it then may swing on its pivot 30 to its inoperativeposition.

At this time the work is held positioned by the punch and it is ready toreceive a rivet. The rivets may be hollow and are fed down a chute 40 byany suitable feeding means, and a suitable selector mechanism 41 (notshown in detail) may be provided for letting one rivet at a time fallinto the riveting head. The rivet is received between two separablerivet-holding devices 42 and 43 held closed against each other as bymeans of springs 44 which are mounted upon the reciprocating bar 45spring pressed upwardly byspring 46. A rivet set 47 is carried byadriver 48 connected by a link 49 with bell crank 50 which in turn isconnected to pitman arm 8i. By reference to Fig. 3 it will be noted thatdriver 48 and bar 46 are located side by side and that the springs 44are shaped so as to position the devices 42 and 43 in axial alignmentwith the punch. i

A control lever 51 is now rocked and by mean of rod 52, the clutch 9 isengaged as the rod 52 is connected asat 53 with the clutch controllever. Due to the pitman 8 the bell crank 50 is rocked and the driver 48depressed. The rivet set 47 pushes downwardlyon the rivet and throughthe means of a rivet carries the bar 45 down until'it is stopped bymeans of a suitable set screw or the like 55. end of the rivet, which islowermost, substantially extends over the upper end of punch 16. Therivet is now driven down through the holding devices 42 and 43 by whichaction they are forced open, which is permitted by fiexure of springs44, as shown in Fig. 5 whereupon the rivet and the rivet set 16 aredriven down ytogether with the punch 47 extending through the devices 42and 43, as shown in Fig. 6. 'I'he rivet is driven through the aperturein the work formed by the punch 16 simultaneously with the action offorcing the punch 16 out of the aperture and the lower end of the rivetis turned over by anvil 15. The lever 51 may now be released and theparts returned to their normal position ready for another cycle ofoperation.

Briefly reiterating one cycle of operation, it may be stated as follows:

Two or more pieces of work are placed over anvil 3; an aperture isformed by the punch 16 with the driving parts of the punch 16 returningto normal position leaving the punch 16 up in the work. The shoe 25moves in to back up the work during punching operation, and then movesback out of the way. The rivet head is now operated and the rivet isdriven down, transferred from the holding devices 42 and 43 to the punchand thereupon is guided down by the punch as the driver and rivet set 47descend. It will be noted that the aperture formed by the punch 16 isnot quite as large as that required by the rivet so that the rivet isvery tightly engaged in the small aperture as it must be forcedtherethrough.

A machine of this kind is advantageous in many arts where two pieces orwork can be riveted together. Sheet metal parts for airplanes may beadvantageously riveted in this manner. Considerable time and trouble isnecessary where two pieces of work are first properly punched and thenremoved to a riveting machine because it necessitates accurately holdingtwo or more parts of work together, and it also requires the more orless difficult task of very accurately aligning the punched out openingsfor the reception of a rivet.-

All this is eliminated in the present machine; that is, the two piecesof work are placed together,

At this time the open punched and then held in position by the punch toreceive the rivets. As a result, where two separate positions of thework have been heretofore required for first punching and then rivetingthrough the punched aperture but a single position is required with thepresent machine which performs both the punching operation and rivetingin the same position of the work.

I claim: n l 1. A punching and riveting machine comprising a iixedanvil, driving means for driving a rivet against the anvil, a punchslidable in the anvil and a shoe for backing up thev punch.

2. A punching and riveting machine comprising a fixed anvil over whichwork is placed, a punch slidable in the anvil, a shoe for engaging thework opposite the punch, means for actuating the punch through the work,means for moving the shoe to and from cooperating position with thepunch, and rivet driving means for driving rivets through the punchedwork and clinching the same against said anvil.

3. A punching and riveting machine comprising a fixed anvil over whichwork is placed, rivet driving ,means for driving a rivet against theanvil, a punch slidable in the anvil, a shoemovable into and out ofcooperating relation'with said punch, on the opposite side of the workfrom said anvil, means for driving the punch through thework with thepunch sliding in the anvil, means for swinging the shoe to back up thepunch, and means for driving a rivet through the punched work. n

4. A punching and riveting machine comprising a fixed anvil over whichwork is placed, a punch slidable in the anvil, means for urging thepunch through the work and for leaving the punch in a position extendingthrough the work, a shoe movable into and out of Work engaging positionopposite the anvil to back up the punch, and means for driving a rivetthrough the work and against said anvil.

5. A punching and riveting machine comprising an anvil over which workis placed, a punch in the anvil, means for urging the punch through theworkand for leaving the punch in a position extending through the work,a shoe movable into and out of work engaging position opposite the anvilto back up the punch, means for driving a rivet through the work andagainst said anvil, said last. named means comprising rivet guidingmeans movable to release the rivet whereby the rivet is transferred fromsaid guiding means to thereby be guided by the punch as it is driventhrough the work.'

6. The combination with an anvil over which work is placed, of a punchin the anvil, a shoe for clamping the work against the anvil, means foractuating the punch while said shoe is backing up the work, the shoebeing pivotally and slidably mounted and adapted tovbe moved into andout of operative position, and rivet driving means for driving aQ rivetthrough the work in a direction opposite the movement of the punch inpunching the work.

7. In a punch and riveting machine, the combination of a verticallydisposed anvil, a vertically movable punch therein, a swingable andslidable shoe, means for moving the shoe against the work opposite theanvil whereby the work is clamped between the shoe and anvil, means fordriving the punch up through the work, means for retracting the shoe,and rivet driving means for driv-y ing a rivet through the work from theshoe engaging side oi the work and for driving the punch out oi the worksimultaneously.

8. A punching 'and riveting machine compristhe work and the rivetdriving means, and forV moving the shoe substantially axially of theanvil to clamp the work between the anvil and shoe, means foractuating-the punch up through the work while it is backed up by theshoe, means for retracting the shoe with axial movement, then swingingmovement, said punch being adapted tul remain punched through the work,and means for driving a rivet toward the punch and through the work,said punchbeing driven out oi its punched position and serving to guidethe rivet through the punched aperture.

9. A punching and riveting machine comprising an anvil, a shoe oppositesaid anvil movable into and out of work engaging position, the said shoecooperating with the anvil while in work engaging position to clamp thework in place for punching, a punch reciprocably mounted in said anvil,means for projecting the punch beyond said anvil and through said workwhile clamped between the anvil and shoe and for leaving the punch insuch projected position, a rivet holder for releasably holding a rivetin aligned relation with the punch, and a rivet set for releasing therivet from said holder and driving the rivet into engagement with thepunch, through the work and against the anvil to upset the rivet wherebythe punch is retracted from said projected position and ejected from thepunched hole in said work.

10. A punching and riveting machine comprising an anvil having anopening therein, a shoe opposite said anvil for backing up the workduring the punching operation and movable into and out of work engagingposition, a punch movably mounted in the opening in said anvil andprojectable to a position where a portion oi the punch extends beyondthe mouth of the opening and retractable to another position where thepunching end of the punch is substantially adjacent the mouth of theopening, means for projecting the said punch through the work to form ahole therein, a rivet holder for releasably holding a rivet in alignedrelation with the said punch, the said punch while in projected positionextending through the work to align the hole in the work with the rivet,and a''rivet set for releasing the rivet from the holder and driving therivet through the hole in the work and against the anvil and retractedpunch to upset the rivet, the said rivet while being driven through thehole in the work engaging the punch to eject the same from the hole inthe work and return the punch to retracted position.

1l. A punching and riveting machine comprising an anvil having anopening therein over which the work to be punched and riveted is placed,a punch reciprocably mounted in said opening and projectable to aposition where a portion oi the punch extends beyond'the mouth of theopening and retractable to another position where thepunching end of thepunch is substantially iiush with the mouth of the opening, means forprojecting the punch through the work to form a hole therein, a rivetholder for releasably holding a rivet in aligned relation with thepunch, the said punch while in projected position extending through thework to `align the hole in the work with the rivet, and

a rivet set for releasing the rivet from the holder and driving therivet through the hole in the work and against the anvil and retractedpunch to upset the rivet, the said rivet while being driven through thehole in the work engaging the punch to eject the punch from the hole inthe work and retract the punch to its retracted position with thepunching end of the punch flush with the mouth of the opening in theanvil whereby the punch serves as a part oi the anvil in the upsettingo! the rivet.

12. A punching and riveting machine comprising an anvil over which thework is placed, means for punching a'hole through the work andmaintaining the work in position on said anvil with the hole alignedwith the rivet set, a rivet holder for releasably holding a rivet, and arivet set for releasing the rivet from the rivet holder, driving therivet through the hole in the work and against the anvil to upset thesame, the rivet upon being driven through the hole in -the work ejectingthe aforesaid means from the hole in the work.

1331A punching and riveting machine comprising an anvil having anopening over which the work is placed, means reciprocably mounted insaid opening for punching a hole in said work and projectable beyond themouth oi'. the opening while engaging said work in said punched hole tomaintain said work in position on said anvil with the hole aligned withthe rivet set, a rivet holder for releasably holding a rivet, and arivet set for releasing the rivet from the holder and driving the rivetthrough the hole in the work and against the anvil to upset the same,the rivet while being driven through the said hole engaging theaforementioned means to eject the same from the holein the work.

14. A punching and riveting machine compris- -ingan anvil with anopening therein over which the work is placed, means ior punching a holein said work including an element reciprocable in the opening in theanvil and projectable beyond the mouth of said opening while engagingthe work in the punched hole to maintain the work in position on theanvil with the hole aligned with the rivet set, the said element beingretractable by the rivet while being driven through the hole in the workto a position flush with the mouth oi the opening in the anvil to serveas a part of the anvil in the upsetting of the rivet, a rivet holder forreleasably holding a rivet, and a rivet set for releasing the rivet fromthe holder and driving the rivet through the hole in the work andagainst the anvil and retracted element to upset the rivet.

` LEE L. MARCHANT.

CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

mimmo. 1,990,998. February 12, i935.

LEE L. MARCHANI1L- It is hereby certified that error appears in theprinted specification of the above numbered potent requiring correctionas follows: Page. 2, first column, line 36, for "rivet set" readpunchand vline 37, .for "punch" read rivet set and that the said LettersPatent should be read with th' y Leg! i'e Frazer (Seal)` ActingCommissioner of Patents.

